
The US Department of Energy is ready to give out grants to nine small-scale cellulosic ethanol refineries, totaling $240 million in funding. BlueFire and PlascoEnergy Group’s projects, as well as many others, show the popularity cellulosic biofuel is gaining, so it is not surprising that biorefineries are getting a little green from the government. When factoring in this federal funding along with what is gained thorough industry cost share, over $735 million will go into nine projects over the next 5 years. The DOE has set money aside for CCS ventures and solar thermal projects, so I’m glad to see renewable and sustainable energy production is on the brain. Even so, the projects are definitely more research than mass-production - they're smaller scale, processing and producing about a tenth of what a commercial sized biorefinery handles. They'll be using wood, energy crops, and ag waste products...none of the cool (or gross) trash-to-tank stuff that others are working on. Nevertheless, it's progress that's paid for.

written by Flahooler, July 30, 2008
written by Ken Roberts, July 30, 2008
written by Patiwat, July 31, 2008
So the energy value we put IN is greater than the energy value we put OUT....
sounds like an inefficient system to me. :I
written by Flahooler, July 31, 2008
Yes, the plasma torch is essentially a high-voltage electrical arc that creates temperatures approaching or exceeding the surface of the sun. Such high temperatures destroy the hydro-carbon chains within the feedstock, whether it be biowaste or ordinary trash. The result is a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and other gases referred to as synthetic gas, or just syngas. This gas can then be burned to generate electricity or to create biofuels through several different competing processes.
While it's true that you do need to input energy to drive the plasma torch, the process is self-sustaining and actually creates an energy surplus depending on the stored energy content of the feedstock. Municipal trash, for instance, has a very high energy content...it just exists in an unusable form until decomposed into it's component elements. It's a similar concept to ordinary incineration, but the plasma torch is far more efficient at breaking down the feedstock resulting in greater energy yield and less pollution.
It's important to remember, though, that the energy content of the feedstock is what makes the process economically viable. One couldn't, for example, gasify a shovel full of dirt and expect to achieve an energy surplus because there just isn't that much available energy in dirt. It's fortunate for us, though, that most of what we consider to be waste actually has very high energy content.
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JUL 30
"Patiwat, Yes, the plasma torch is essentially a high-voltage electric..."
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